A written communication is always put into writing and generally used when the audience is at a distance or when a permanency or record is required or where its preservation is essential in case it is needed as a evidence in cases of dispute. It is generally in the form of instruction, orders, rules and regulations, policies, procedures, posters, memos, reports information bulletins.
The merits of written communication are:
It serves as evidence of what has occurred or what was stated
It provides a permanent record for future use
It reduces the chances for misinterpretation and distortion of information
It is reliable when transmitting lengthy information on financial, production or other important data.
It provides an opportunity to the subordinates to put up their grievances in writing and get them supported by facts However, a written communication also suffers from certain disadvantages.
It is generally an expensive and a time-consuming process.
Even though such communication has been transmitted, it is not certain whether the receiver has understood it.
Written materials not only get out of date but may also be leaked out before time.
It sometimes leads to excessive formality and rigidity in personal relations.
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