Suspension or termination of employment (with or without notice) by the employer or management. Layoffs are not caused by any fault of the employees but by reasons such as lack of work, cash, or material. Permanent l h layoff is called redundancy. But in view of the Industrial disputes act, 1947 (India), layoff means temporary removal of employees because of deficit and shortage of inputs which are related to productivity, breakdown of machinery or effect of natural calamity. Layoff of employees does not mean that they are terminated from the job, such employees could be reinstated after revivifying of deficit or shortages which effected productivity.
Definitions:
“Lay-off” (with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions) means the failure, refusal or inability of an employer on account of shortage of coal, power or raw materials or the accumulation of stocks or the breakdown of machinery [or natural calamity or for any other connected reason] to give employment to a workman whose name is borne on the muster rolls of his industrial establishment and who has not been retrenched.
Section 2(kkk) of Industrial disputes act, 1947
when someone stops employing someone, sometimes temporarily, because there is no money to pay them or because there is no work for them
—dictionary.Cambridge
Temporary or permanent discharge of a worker or workers:
—Oxford Dictionary
Layoff (in British and American English), also called redundancy in the UK, is the temporary suspension or permanent termination of employment of an employee or (more commonly) a group of employees for business reasons, such as when certain positions are no longer necessary or when a business slow-down occurs. Originally the term layoff referred exclusively to a temporary interruption in work, as when factory work cyclically falls off. The term how ever nowadays usually means the permanent elimination of a position, requiring the addition of “temporary” to specify the original meaning.
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