Although research and experienced practitioners have identified several characteristics that are prerequisites for effective performance management systems, there are also many decisions ...

No employer or trade union of employers or no person acting on behalf of either shall- 1. Impose any condition in a contract of employment seeking to restrain the right of a person ...

A grievance is defined as any real or imagined feeling of personal injustice that an employee has about the employment relations. – William B. Werther and Keith Davis ( 1996). Grievance ...

Industrial relations are interpreted from various dimensions. A well founded understanding of these dimensions of industrial relations is benchmark knowledge of human resource managers ...

Interactive communication is beneficial when communication is necessary between peers involved in tasks that require coordinated effort. However, if they are not involved in tasks that ...

Various kinds of tests are used for selecting employees. The types of test or a combination of tests that is ultimately used will depend on a number of factors, including the budgetary ...

The process of recruitment begins when new recruits are sought and ends when their applications are submitted. The result is a pool of applicants from which new employees are selected. ...

Certain elements of the organization may limit the capacity of the organization to influence prospective candidates. These constraints may be roughly categorized as social system constraints, ...

The world communication has been derived from the Latin word “communis”, which means common. Communication, therefore, refers to the sharing of ideas, facts, opinions, information ...

External recruitment is the process of getting people from outside the organization to apply for jobs (Griffin 1998:391). It is the process of finding potential external candidates ...